2015- According to
Veterans Affairs
interview with
NewsWeek, 50,000
veterans that have
hepatitis C remain
unidentified in the
Health Administration.
Jetgun devices are not
listed as a risk factor
for screening.
Read more
Jetgun
(Airgun) Injections
(AKA MUNJI
or
PCNFI)
1970 Jetgun Nursing
Instructions
1970 Army
Medical Department
Handbook of Basic
Nursing-
Military nursing
instructions- how to use
the jetgun, detailing
how the device got
contaminated.
Weniger
BG, Papania MJ
.
2013 Alternative Vaccine
Delivery Methods
[Chapter 61].
This body of evidence
supports the conclusion
that the design of
MUNJIs is inherently
unsafe, and any
reuse of fluid pathways
or unsterile components
that are in direct or
indirect contact with
consecutive patients
should be abandoned...
Despite the
recommendations against
MUNJI use for
vaccination by public
health authorities, and
their withdrawal by the
US military... continue
to be used in the United
States in dentistry...
Safety of
multiuse-nozzle jet
injectors (MUNJIs)
2011
Jet
injection
History
and
Applications
...potential
for
disease
transmission
when
blood
contamination
of
the
fluid
path
or
the injectable
product
occurs
during
a
previous
injection.
Contamination
can
occur
on
the
skin
contacting
surface
of
the
injector
or
inside
the
injector
from
splash-back.
It
is
also
possible
that
the
replaceable
cap
may
become
contaminated.
In
addition,
in-between
use
cleaning
of
any
component
in
or
around
the
fluid
path
may
result
in
contamination."....and....."In
addition,
for
jet
injectors,
the
extent
of
“wear
and
tear”
on
the
nozzle
and
fluid
path
is
of
concern.
2008
Jet injectors (MUNJIs)
& Bifurcated
Needles
...epidemiologic
investigations
and analyses,
and human trials
of the Ped-O-JetR and
similar MUNJIs
once used in
smallpox
campaigns
demonstrated
these “jet guns”
capable of HBV
transmission,
even when
nozzles were
alcohol-swabbed
between
injections per
manufacturer
instructions. In
the 1990s, the
Ped-O-Jet was
recalled, its
use abandoned by
the U.S.
military, and
contraindicated
by WHO and CDC.
The latest 2008
study detected
HBV
contamination by
PCR after 8% of
MUNJI injections
of HBV-carrier
volunteers.
2005
FDA Safety of Jetguns
Advisory Meeting
DR. FRIEDE: The devices
(jetguns) that we have
seen ...show that
frequent
contamination...was
clearly of a level of
blood that we are
convinced can carry
disease. So the devices
which do not have a
protection cap which are
to be used for giving
intramuscular injection
we are convinced that
these carry a
significant risk.
2004
Patent-
Jetgun
Protector
cap
cross-contamination
continues to
be
problematic
because in
the
injection
stage, the
contaminated
matter can
be
transferred
through the
nozzle to
inside the
injector
such as, for
example,
into the
cavity and
be
transmitted
to a new
patient
through a
new cap and
nozzle...Such
injectors
had no
provision
for
preventing
the transfer
of
blood-borne
pathogens
except
through the
complicated
disassembly
and
disinfecting
process....
1997
Paris
Island
Air
Force
inspection
Full
Report
...
noted
that
jet
injector
nozzles
were
frequently
contaminated
with
blood,
yet
sterilization
practices
were
frequently
inadequate
or
not
followed...
In Memory of
Corporal Gary Lupole,
USMC, fourth in line.
USMC Paris Island 1968
Military Withdraws
Jetgun Devices
Web Reference
http://www–nehc.med.navy.mil/prevmed/251800z.txt
Copy of complete report
DoD-USCG Withdraw Jetgun
